The vaccine roll-out has been largely hailed as one of the greatest success stories of the Covid-19 pandemic.
Health services across the 海角视频 have administered more than 48milllion vaccines between 8 December and end of April, including more than 34million people with their first dose
The Vaccines Taskforce announced last week that it had bought an additional 60 million doses of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine to use alongside other vaccines to support preparations for a booster programme from the Autumn to be used on a clinical need basis and to protect against variants.
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The Government has secured access to eight different vaccines, some of which are still at clinical trial stage.
The government will publish further details on the booster programme in due course and the final policy will be informed by advice from the Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) and the results of clinical trials studying the use of different combinations of approved Covid-19 vaccines.
All vaccines that are used in the 海角视频 have to meet the independent Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency’s (MHRA) strict standards of safety, effectiveness and quality.
Overall, the 海角视频 has secured access to these eight vaccines:
Pfizer/BioNTech - 100 million doses
This includes the 60 million doses for the Autumn booster programme.
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Croda - the East Yorkshire headquartered smart science specialist is supplying an ingredient used in the Pfizer BioNtech Covid-19 vaccine to transport the vaccine's active element into the body.
It is produced at sites in the 海角视频 and US.
Oxford/AstraZeneca - 100 million doses
The vast majority of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccines are being manufactured in the 海角视频 manufactured in the 海角视频 with production sites making the vaccine in Oxford and Keele with parts of the process being completed in Wrexham.
also has some plants in Europe, with sites in Germany and the Netherlands producing the jab. Around 10 million doses are being made by the Serum Institute in India.
Moderna - 17 million doses
The was first rolled out in Wales and the first doses administered in England on April 13.
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The US vaccine has been approved for use in the 海角视频 and is the third to be rolled out after the and Pfizer jabs.
The vaccine received funding from two US federal agencies – the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) and the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA).
Dolly Parton is credited with helping fund the jab after donating one million dollars (about £716,000) to Vanderbilt University Medical Centre in Nashville, Tennessee, which participated in the research.
Where Covid-19 vaccines are made
Janssen - 20 million doses
The MHRA approved the use of the Janssen vaccine, which is administered in a single dose on May 28. Developed by the Belgian-headquartered pharmaceutical firm owned by Johnson & Johnson. It was approved in the US in February but the roll out has since been paused over blood clot risks.
Denmark has become the first European country to drop the vaccine from its programme over rare blood clot concerns which have also overshadowed the use of the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine.
Earlier this year, the single-dose vaccine was shown to be 67 per cent effective overall in preventing COVID-19 infection and 85% effective in preventing severe disease or hospitalisation.
Through the 海角视频’s Vaccine Taskforce, 20 million doses of the vaccine have been secured for all four nations of the 海角视频 and first deliveries are expected to arrive from later this year. That figure was earlier said to be 30million.
Novavax - 60 million doses
Rolling reviews are underway by the MHRA to assess the Novavax vaccine which will be mostly manufactured at with the fill and finish process undertaken by pharmaceutical company .
It was shown to be 89.3% effective at preventing coronavirus in participants in its Phase 3 clinical trial in the 海角视频, which involved more than 15,000 people aged between 18-84, of which 27% were older than 65, Novavax said.
It is believed to offer protection against the new 海角视频 and South African variant.
Valneva - 100 million doses
Biotech company Valneva announced in January that it has begun manufacturing a Covid-19 vaccine at its plant in Livingston, West Lothian. The 海角视频 government initially pre-ordered 60 million doses of the vaccine, which is still going through clinical trials.
GlaxoSmithKline and Sanofi Pasteur - 60 million doses
Clinical trials are underway for the GSK and Sanofi vaccine with hopes that a vaccine will be available for October 2021. The partnership is also working on studies to address Covid variants.
CureVac - 50 million doses
Clinical trials are ongoing for the CureVac jab developed with GSK and Germany-Headquartered mRNA specialist, CureVac. They are jointly developing next generation, multi-valent mRNA vaccines for COVID-19 with the potential to address multiple emerging variants in one vaccine. GSK will also support manufacturing of up to 100m doses of CureVac’s first generation COVID-19 vaccine, if approved.
Rolling reviews are underway by the MHRA to assess the Janssen and Novavax vaccines.
The government has already hit its target of offering everybody in cohorts 1 to 9 - those aged 50 and over, the clinically vulnerable and health and social care workers - a first dose of the vaccine by 15 April and remains on track to offer a jab to all adults by the end of July.
Data from the ONS and Oxford University shows that Covid-19 infections fell significantly by 65% after the first dose of the Oxford/AstraZeneca or Pfizer/BioNTech vaccines, rising further after the second dose.
Data from Public Health England’s real-world study shows the vaccines are already having a significant impact in the 海角视频, reducing hospitalisations and deaths, saving more than 10,000 lives between December and March.
A recent survey published by ONS showed that 92% of those who had been vaccinated with a first dose did not experience any difficulties when going to get their vaccine – such as difficulty travelling to the vaccination site, concerns over catching the virus while there or having a long wait for their appointment.
Vaccines are available from thousands of NHS vaccine centres, GP practices and pharmacies. Around 98% of people live within 10 miles of a vaccination centre in England and vaccinations are taking place at sites including mosques, community centres and football stadiums.
Ben Osborn, Country Manager at Pfizer 海角视频, said:
“By more than doubling our supply commitment to the 海角视频, we are delighted to support the ongoing rollout of the 海角视频 immunisation programme and help the government in its efforts to address the pandemic.
“Along with our partner BioNTech, we are working relentlessly to support vaccination campaigns worldwide and, based on current projections, believe we can deliver more than 2.5 billion doses of our vaccine globally by the end of 2021.”